The term acid has been dervied from latin word “acetum” which means vinegar. The acid constitutent of vinegar is acetic acid (CH3COOH).
The term alkali is
dervied from the Arabic word for ashes becauses wood ashes have been principal
source of bases or alkalis.
Generally acid are
substances which have sour taste, dissolve certain metals, and dissolve carbonate-minerals
to produce carbon dioxide gas. They produce colour change in plant-dyes. i.e they change blue litmus to red.
The most important property of a base (alkali)
is to neutralize characteristic properties of acids. Moreover, bases have
bitter taste, a slippery feel and ability to effect colour of plant-dyes. i.e
they change the colour of litmus from red to blue. When a base neutralizes an
acid, a salt is produced.
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