Organic Base:
Organic bases are
usually, but not always, proton acceptors. They usually contain nitrogen atoms,
which can easily be protonated. Amines and
nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are organic bases. Examples include:
Hydroxide donors:
Some organic bases,
such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, or choline hydroxide are
hydroxide donors rather than proton acceptors like the above compounds.
Organic Acid:
An organic acid is
an organic compound with acidic properties. The most common organic acids are
the carboxylic acids, whose acidity is associated with their carboxyl
group –COOH. Sulfonic acids, containing
the group –SO2OH, are relatively stronger acids. Alcohols, with –OH,
can act as acids but they are usually very weak. The relative stability of the
conjugate base of the acid determines its acidity. Other groups can also confer
acidity, usually weakly: the thiol group –SH, the enol group, and the phenol group. In biological systems,
organic compounds containing these groups are generally referred to as organic
acids.
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